情報の科学と技術

1999. 12 Abstracts

Special feature : Information and Design. Actual situations of “Information Design" and Web Design Guideline,

Toshikazu SHINOHARA (Information Design Consultant)

Abstract : “Information Design", an innovative field that provides us a comprehensive grasp of “information" and “design", has lately attracted a considerable attention. This article explains the outline of this new field and shows areas where “Information Design" is needed just now. Also it introduces some of the practical methods applied in designing and building of the Web sites such as “Information Architecture", “Web Site Engineering" and “Usability". Then, it discusses “Web Design Guideline" that serves as a guideline for us to implement “Information Design" to the design of Web. Finally, the article describes skills required for designing information, and examines the new roles that information science specialists should play in the future. 　

Keywords : Information Design / Organizing Information / Object Analysis and Design / Documentation Analysis / Knowledge Management / Information Architecture / Web Site Engineering / Usability / Design Guideline / Accessibility 　　

,Special feature : Information and Design. Marking the WWW pages and OPACs in university libraries,

Shuichi UEDA (School of Library Science, Keio University)

Abstract : This article reviews and descuss WWW pages and WWW OPAC of university libraries in Japan. WWW pages of university libraries play a important part as portal sites to guide new electronic services in the libraries : bibliographic databases, CD-ROM servers, electronic journals, full text databases, graphic image databases. Many OPAC systems in commercial software packages luck in use-interface. 　

Keywords : university libraries / opac / www pages / database / catalogs 　

Special feature : Information and Design. The development and maintenance of Web site in an academic library.

Yasuki KANEKO (Mita Media Center, Keio University)　

Abstract : In this article, the author refers to a way to development, maintenance, and administration of web site of an academic library. The internet is important for libraries. It is important job for libraries to support clients to find valuable, and reliable imformation out of vast information in the internet. The web site of a library is not only an interface for clients to access these kind of information, but also may be effective tool for disserminating information about how to use a library or public relations of library policy. In this article, the author describe pros or cons between the collaboration of library staff themselves and/or professional vender. 　　

Keywords : academic library / web site / internet / collaboration / public relation / user interface

Special feature : Information and Design. An Overview of the Origin and the Evolution of GUI (Graphical User Interface),

Kazutoshi OTANI (Technology Writer )

Abstract : As computer evolved from a mere computing machine to a business tool or an information medium, its ease of use became more important than its functions. To solve this problem, Xerox developed the idea of using metaphor of everyday things inside the computer screen, and they define the basic concept of GUI (Graphical User Interface) in which a user manipulates their documents or folders on a virtual desktop. Later, this concept was completed with sophistication in every detail by Apple Computer's Mac OS, and popularized by its follower Microsoft's Windows. Although we will see several new interface concepts in coming years, GUI will keep its unique position. 　

Keywords : GUI / Graphical User Interface / Xerox / Apple Computer / Macintosh / Mac OS / Microsoft / Windows / Mouse / Bitmap Display / Metaphor / Desktop / Icon

Series : How to read statistics⑦. Concerned with public finance,

Etsuko KONO (Keio University, Shonan Fujisawa Media Center )

Abstract : Japanese fiscal situation is now facing the crisis under the hard economic condition. 　　But it is difficult to understand the situation and to recognize it as the familiar problem for us, because Japanese fiscal system is complex. 　　This article gives an explanation about structures of national finance, especially budget system, and introduces the statistical materials related. Also it describes the main indices to understand the recent fiscal problems. 　

Keywords : Fiscal deficit / Fiscal structural reform / Budget system / Fiscal investment and loan program / Total taxes and social security contribution as a percentage of national income / Ratio of government bond issues to total budget expenditures